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Showing posts with label USA. Show all posts
Showing posts with label USA. Show all posts

Friday, January 23, 2026

Why we have added HudBay Minerals Stock to our Ai/Robotics Growth portfolio

 


Hudbay Minerals (TSX: HBM | NYSE: HBM)

A Retail Investor’s Business & Investment Report

USA / Canada – 2026 Outlook


Executive Summary

Hudbay Minerals is a North American–anchored copper producer with meaningful gold and silver by-product exposure. It sits at the intersection of two powerful, long-duration themes:

  1. The electrification and AI-infrastructure buildout (copper demand)

  2. Precious-metals resilience (gold and silver as monetary hedges)

Unlike royalty or streaming companies, Hudbay operates real mines. That gives it higher volatility—but also far greater upside when metal prices rise. For retail investors, HBM represents a high-torque growth vehicle tied to the physical buildout of the modern economy.

In simple terms:

Hudbay owns the metal that builds the future.


What Hudbay Does

Hudbay is primarily a copper producer, with:

  • Gold and silver as valuable by-products

  • Operations in:

    • Canada (Manitoba – Snow Lake / Lalor complex)

    • Peru (Constancia mine)

    • United States (Arizona – Copper World development)

Copper is the company’s economic engine. Gold and silver enhance margins and provide precious-metal upside without requiring separate mines.


Why Hudbay Matters in 2026+

Copper is rapidly becoming an “AI metal.”

Every major growth vector of the next decade depends on it:

  • AI data centers

  • Power grids and transmission lines

  • EVs and charging infrastructure

  • Robotics and automation

  • Wind, solar, and energy storage

Copper supply is tight. New large-scale projects take years to permit and build—especially in stable jurisdictions. Hudbay already owns producing assets and is advancing one of the most important new copper projects in the United States.

That creates a rare profile:

  • Current cash-flowing producer

  • With long-life growth assets

  • In politically aligned countries

  • Feeding a structural demand wave


Core Assets

1. Constancia (Peru)

Hudbay’s largest operation. A long-life copper mine with steady production and improving efficiency.

2. Snow Lake / Lalor (Manitoba, Canada)

A high-grade polymetallic complex producing copper, zinc, gold, and silver.
This is Hudbay’s Canadian anchor and a key margin contributor.

3. Copper World (Arizona, USA)

A transformational project.

  • Large copper resource

  • Located in the United States

  • Aligned with reshoring, defense, and infrastructure priorities

  • Could become one of the most strategically important new copper mines in North America

This asset alone can change Hudbay’s valuation profile over time.


Financial Profile (In Plain Terms)

Hudbay is:

  • Cash-flow generating

  • Cyclical (moves with metal prices)

  • Highly leveraged to copper price increases

  • Supported by gold and silver revenue

When copper prices rise, Hudbay’s earnings can grow multiples faster than diversified miners or streaming companies.

That’s the appeal:

  • In flat markets: modest returns, volatility

  • In strong copper cycles: outsized gains


Investment Thesis

Hudbay offers retail investors:

  1. Direct exposure to the electrification super-cycle

  2. Embedded precious-metals upside (gold & silver)

  3. North American strategic relevance

  4. High operating leverage to rising metal prices

  5. A clear growth runway through Copper World

It is not a defensive stock. It is a builder’s stock—a way to invest in the physical systems behind AI, energy transition, and industrial expansion.


Risks to Understand

Hudbay is not risk-free:

  • Mining is capital-intensive

  • Earnings fluctuate with metal prices

  • Permitting and development timelines can slip

  • Operational challenges can occur

HBM will be more volatile than royalty companies or large diversified miners.

However, that volatility is exactly what creates asymmetric upside in a strong metals environment.


Where Hudbay Fits in a Portfolio

Hudbay works best as:

The growth engine in a metals portfolio.

It pairs exceptionally well with:

  • A royalty/streaming company (e.g., Wheaton or Franco-Nevada)

  • Or a primary silver miner

In that structure:

  • Hudbay = industrial buildout + torque

  • The partner holding = stability + precious-metals defense


Bottom Line for Retail Investors

Hudbay Minerals is a:

  • Copper-led growth company

  • Anchored in Canada and the United States

  • Positioned for the infrastructure and AI era

  • With meaningful gold and silver upside

  • And a multi-year runway of strategic relevance

For investors who believe that:

  • AI, electrification, and grid expansion are inevitable

  • Copper will remain structurally constrained

  • North American supply will be favored

Hudbay is one of the most direct and powerful ways to express that view in the public markets.

related posts:

Robotics and Humanoids - January 2026


Tuesday, September 30, 2025

A U.S. Government Shutdown will affect these companies much more than others!

 


A data-backed, “most exposed” list focused on companies where U.S. federal work is a big slice of revenue (or the core business) 

Grouped by exposure bands and citing recent filings/rankings.

Ultra-high exposure (≈80–100%+ tied to U.S. federal work)

  1. SAIC (SAIC) — ~98% of revenue from U.S. Gov’t (prime or sub). SEC

  2. Booz Allen Hamilton (BAH) — reporting pegs U.S. Gov’t at ~98% of revenue. The Wall Street Journal+1

  3. Leidos (LDOS) — ~87% from U.S. Gov’t. SEC+1

  4. Northrop Grumman (NOC)87% to U.S. Gov’t (2024). SEC

  5. HII (HII) — military shipbuilding; U.S. Gov’t orders comprise “substantially all” backlog. SEC

  6. CACI (CACI) — business overwhelmingly U.S. Gov’t; disclosures show ~97% domestic (U.S. agency-focused). TradingView+1

  7. V2X (VVX) — “substantial majority” of revenue from U.S. Gov’t; DoD-centric services. Q4 Capital

Very high exposure (≈60–80%)

  1. BWX Technologies (BWXT)~76% from U.S. Gov’t (Navy reactors, DOE/NNSA). BWX Technologies Investors

  2. Lockheed Martin (LMT)73% from U.S. Gov’t (65% DoD). SEC

  3. General Dynamics (GD)69% from U.S. Gov’t. SEC

  4. L3Harris (LHX)~74% in Q1’25 from U.S. Gov’t (incl. FMS). Fintel

  5. KBR (KBR)57% from U.S. Gov’t (FY2024). Q4cdn

High exposure (≈40–60%)

  1. RTX (RTX) — U.S. Gov’t ~45% of net sales (ex-FMS). RTX Investors

  2. Parsons (PSN) — Federal is a core segment; multiple U.S. federal customer sets each >20% of revenue (heavy federal mix). SEC

  3. Maximus (MMS) — Gov’t outsourcing specialist (federal + state); filings show predominantly U.S. program revenue with growing federal exposure. Maximus, Inc.+1

Material exposure (program-critical, though more diversified)

  1. Palantir (PLTR) — Gov’t still ~55% of FY2024 revenue; U.S. Gov’t growth +53% Y/Y in Q2’25. Visual Capitalist+1

  2. Mercury Systems (MRCY) — Defense electronics pure-play; revenue is predominantly U.S. defense primes/programs. SEC

  3. Kratos (KTOS) — Tactical drones/space & defense; revenue largely from U.S. DoD/IC programs. Kratos Defense+1

  4. AeroVironment (AVAV) — DoD small UAS/missiles; mix varies with FMS/international but U.S. programs remain core drivers. Aviation Investor+1

  5. Huntington Ingalls’ peers / Big 5 integrators (context) — The Top 100 Federal Contractors ranking (FY2024 awards) underscores Leidos, Booz Allen, Lockheed, GD, RTX, L3Harris, SAIC, NOC, CACI as the biggest prime recipients — i.e., most operationally exposed to any shutdown pauses in awards/funding flow. Washington Technology


Why these names are most at risk in a shutdown

  • Revenue concentration: The first dozen derive a majority of sales from the federal wallet; a pause in new awards, mods, or payments hits quickly. (See %s above.)

  • Procurement pipeline sensitivity: Top rankings in federal contract awards (Leidos, BAH, LMT, GD, RTX, LHX, SAIC, NOC, CACI) signal heavy reliance on award timing/obligation flow. Washington Technology

  • Agency dependence: IT/consulting contractors (BAH, SAIC, LDOS, CACI, PSN, KBR, VVX, MMS) feel shutdowns faster than multi-year, already-appropriated hardware programs, though even primes see new starts and mods slow. (Industry advisories and coverage highlight this dynamic.) Bloomberg Law

Note: Rankings like Washington Technology Top 100 and BGOV200 show who’s biggest by federal obligations (a proxy for exposure), while 10-Ks give the percentage of total company revenue tied to the U.S. Government. For shutdown risk, both matter. Washington Technology+1

Tuesday, September 16, 2025

Antimony, Gold, the U.S. Government and Perpetua Resources PPTA, what ties these entities together!

 


PPTA is one of the most advanced U.S. critical-minerals names heading into 2026.

Executive summary

Perpetua controls a permitted U.S. mine that would produce gold and, critically, antimonya defense-critical mineral the U.S. largely imports from China/Russia

In 2025 the project cleared its last federal permit, was placed on the FAST-41 transparency dashboard, raised equity to meet project-finance requirements, and on Sept 8, 2025 received a Preliminary Project Letter and indicative term sheet from the U.S. Export-Import Bank (EXIM) for up to ~$2 billion of debt

Management guides to EXIM Board consideration by spring 2026 and to beginning early-works construction in fall 2025. These steps materially de-risk financing and timing. PR Newswire+3PR 


What the U.S. Government actually wants here

  • Secure antimony supply for national defense. Stibnite would be the "only" domestic mined source of antimony, used in munitions/propellants and other defense systems. Federal statements and company fact sheets repeatedly cite the mine supplying ~35% of U.S. antimony demand in initial years. The Pentagon has already provided DPA Title III funding to advance the project. Reuters+2U.S. Department of War+2

  • Reduce dependence on China/Russia. China imposed antimony export controls in 2024; Washington responded by prioritizing domestic critical-minerals projects and fast-tracking reviews (FAST-41 / transparency projects). Reuters+1

  • Catalyze private capital with public backstops. EXIM first issued a letter of interest in 2024 (~$1.8 B), followed by the Sept 8, 2025 PPL + indicative term sheet (~$2 B) as due diligence advanced—classic policy sequencing to crowd in equity/stream financing. Reuters+1

  • Clean-energy linkages and Grid storage.


    A portion of Stibnite antimony is designated for Ambri (long-duration liquid-metal batteries), tying the project to grid-storage resilience objectives. Perpetua Resources | Corporate+1


Project snapshot (Stibnite Gold Project)

  • Products: Gold + antimony (open-pit mine, on U.S. Forest Service land). Perpetua Resources

  • Scale (as disclosed/reported): Reuters and project materials cite ~35% of U.S. antimony demand in early years and ~450k oz/yr gold at steady state. (Always subject to mine plans/economics.) Reuters

  • Permitting: Final federal Record of Decision and USACE Section 404 issued in 2025 after ~8 years of review; project listed on the federal FAST-41 Transparency Projects dashboard. Perpetua Resources+2PR Newswire+2

  • ESG/restoration: Plan includes cleanup of a legacy mining district, fish-passage restoration, utility upgrades, and low-carbon grid power supply. Performance.gov


Financing & balance sheet (2025)

  • Equity closed: US$425 million (US$325 M upsized offering + US$100 M private placement to Paulson & Co.) in June 2025 to support EXIM equity needs and working capital. Perpetua Resources | Corporate

  • Government support: DPA Title III awards (aggregate >$80 M over time per company IR; recent press details $59.2 M TIA for construction readiness). Perpetua Resources | Corporate+1

  • Project debt: EXIM PPL + indicative term sheet for ~$2 Billion received Sept 8, 2025; target Board consideration spring 2026. PR Newswire

  • Next leg: Management pursuing a royalty/stream to complete the package (company 10-Q notes royalty/stream + EXIM + equity as the intended structure). SEC


Technology & advancements

  • Mining/processing: Modern open-pit methods with antimony recovery alongside gold; plan integrated with site remediation and long-term water-quality improvements pledged in permits/ROD. Perpetua Resources

  • Supply-chain integration: Ambri antimony supply agreement (2021) connects Stibnite feedstock to U.S. grid-scale storage tech, aligning with domestic energy-security policy. PR Newswire

  • Programmatic fast-track: Inclusion on FAST-41 transparency list improves inter-agency accountability and schedule certainty during remaining non-federal permits/approvals. Performance.gov


Timeline & catalysts (as of Sept 2025)

  1. Early-works construction start: Fall 2025 (company guidance). PR Newswire

  2. Royalty/stream announcement/close (2025–2026). SEC

  3. EXIM Board decision: Target spring 2026; term sheet already received with PPL. PR Newswire

  4. State/local permits & construction decision (sequenced with financing). Perpetua Resources


Investment thesis

Why it can work

  • Strategic scarcity: Only U.S. mined source of antimony at scale; clear defense & energy-security demand, heightened by China export curbs. Reuters+1

  • De-risking milestones stacking up: Final federal permits (2025), equity financing (June 2025), EXIM PPL + indicative term sheet (Sept 2025). PR Newswire+2Perpetua Resources | Corporate+2

  • Policy tailwinds: Explicit U.S. government programs (DPA Title III, EXIM) and FAST-41 transparency status signal national-interest priority. PR Newswire+1

  • Option on gold: Gold co-product cash flow can enhance project economics and financing flexibility. (Reuters cites ~450k oz/yr at steady state.) Reuters

What to watch / key risks

  • Final financing is not done. EXIM’s PPL is preliminary; Board approval, underwriting, covenants and a royalty/stream still need to land. PR Newswire+1

  • Litigation/community risk. Nez Perce Tribe and environmental groups have opposed aspects of the project; litigation could add cost/delay, even with permits in hand. Reuters

  • Commodity & capex risk. Antimony price volatility, gold price swings, and construction cost inflation can impact returns. (Macro, no single source—general risk acknowledgment.)

  • Non-federal permits and execution. Remaining state/local permits, detailed engineering, and early-works execution must stay on schedule. Perpetua Resources


Comparable policy precedents (why the EXIM step matters)

EXIM has increasingly been used to anchor U.S. critical-minerals projects (e.g., Lithium Americas Thacker Pass via DOE; Perpetua via EXIM LOI→PPL). Early letters of interest often precede full Board approvals by ~12–18 months if milestones are met—consistent with the spring 2026 target. Reuters


Bottom line for investors

Perpetua has moved from a permitting story to a financing/construction story

The combination of (1) final federal permits, (2) explicit national-security rationale (antimony), (3) material DPA funding, (4) $425 M equity raised, and (5) EXIM’s PPL + term sheet positions PPTA as one of the most advanced U.S. critical-minerals names heading into 2026. 

Near-term share performance will hinge on landing the royalty/stream, maintaining schedule on early works, and securing EXIM Board approval on the expected timeline. PR Newswire+3PR 


Perpetua Resources (PPTA) — One‑Page Deal Sheet

As of Sep 16, 2025 (America/Halifax)

Tickers: Nasdaq/TSX: PPTA
Asset: Stibnite Gold Project (Idaho, USA)
Products: Gold (Au) + Antimony (Sb)
Status: Final federal permits secured (2025); transitioning to financing & early‑works construction.


Investment Thesis (30‑second version)

  • Only domestic-scale U.S. antimony source paired with a large gold operation; direct national‑security relevance.

  • Policy tailwinds: FAST‑41 transparency, DPA Title III support, and EXIM Bank process advancing.

  • De‑risking milestones stacking up: federal permits (Q2’25) → $425M equity raised (Jun ’25)EXIM PPL + indicative term sheet for up to ~$2B debt (Sep 8, ’25) → early works starting fall ’25.

  • Rerating setup: Financing milestones + site mobilization often catalyze valuation in the move from “permit story” to “build story.”


What the U.S. Government Cares About

  • Secure antimony supply for munitions/defense and energy‑storage alloys; reduce reliance on China/Russia.

  • Catalyze private capital into U.S. critical‑minerals via EXIM backstop + DPA support.

  • Energy security link: Antimony offtake supports long‑duration battery players (e.g., grid‑storage).


Project Snapshot

  • Location: Central Idaho, historic Stibnite district (brownfield restoration integrated into plan).

  • Mining/Processing: Open‑pit with antimony recovery circuit alongside gold; modern environmental controls.

  • Scale (company/press disclosures): Target to supply a large share of U.S. antimony demand in initial years; meaningful gold output at steady state.

  • ESG/Restoration: Legacy cleanup (fish passage, water quality), grid power connection, transparency under FAST‑41.


Financing Status & Structure (in progress)

  • Equity: ~$425M gross proceeds completed Jun ’25 (follow‑on + strategic placement).

  • Debt: EXIM Bank Preliminary Project Letter (PPL) + indicative term sheet for up to ~$2B received Sep 8, ’25; target Board consideration spring ’26.

  • Royalty/Stream: Management pursuing a project‑level stream/royalty to complete cap stack.

  • Use of Proceeds: Early‑works mobilization, long‑lead items, detailed engineering, and project finance readiness.


Timeline & Catalysts

  1. Fall 2025: Early‑works construction begins (site prep, access, utilities).

  2. 2025–2026: Announce/close royalty/stream.

  3. Spring 2026: EXIM Board decision on project debt package.

  4. 2026+: Full‑scale construction decision subject to financing completion & remaining state/local steps.


Key Upside Drivers

  • U.S. antimony re‑shoring; defense procurements; potential strategic stockpiles.

  • Gold price tailwind improving project IRRs.

  • Visibility from federal programs (EXIM/DPA) crowding in institutional capital.

  • Execution on early‑works (on‑time, on‑budget) builds market confidence.


Key Risks to Underwrite

  • Financing not yet final: EXIM remains preliminary; covenants/conditions + stream terms must be acceptable.

  • Permitting/Litigation overhangs: Non‑federal permits and potential legal challenges can add time/cost.

  • Construction & capex inflation: Cost creep, labor, and supply‑chain pressures.

  • Commodity volatility: Antimony pricing (thin market) and gold swings affect returns.


Monitoring Checklist (Actionable)

  • Track: (a) Royalty/stream negotiations; (b) EXIM Board date scheduling; (c) early‑works mobilization photos/updates; (d) state/local permit milestones; (e) offtake/strategic partner news.

  • Set alerts for: SEC/SEDAR filings, EXIM docket updates, major construction contracts, and any litigation docket changes.


Positioning Ideas (illustrative, not advice)

  • Core: Accumulate on financing milestones (stream close; EXIM Board approval).

  • Event‑driven: Trade around EXIM Board calendar and construction NTP.

  • Pairs/Peers: Hedge commodity beta with gold/antimony proxies; monitor U.S. critical‑minerals peer basket.

This one‑pager is a high‑level summary for discussion. For investment decisions, consult primary filings, technical reports, and professional advice.